by Kristin Samuelson, Northwestern University MRI brain scan from a patient in the study. Credit: Northwestern University Patients in a new Northwestern Medicine study were able to comprehend words that were written but not said aloud. They could write the names of things they saw but not verbalize them. Even though these patients could hear and speak perfectly...
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Inflammatory monocytes play contradictory roles in fungal infections
by Public Library of Science Cryptococcus neoformans cells (black arrows) are visualized within multinucleated giant cells (white asterisks) in the lungs of wild type mice (left panel). Ablation of monocytes in CCR2-DTR mice (right panel) reduces the number of macrophages and multinucleated giant cells and impedes the proliferation of C. neoformans in the lungs. Credit: Heung 2019 Immune cells...
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How ‘sleeper cell’ cancer stem cells are maintained in chronic myelogenous leukemia
by Jeff Hansen, University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer cells. Credit: Dr. Cecil Fox, National Cancer Institute Most patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia can be treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. These drugs are highly effective and lead to deep remission and prolonged survival. Yet quiescent leukemic stem cells persist in these patients, and they therefore must...
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Western bias in human genetic studies is ‘both scientifically damaging and unfair’
IMAGE: THIS IMAGE SHOWS THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE ANCESTRY OF INDIVIDUALS IN THE GWAS CATALOG AS OF JANUARY 2019. view more CREDIT: SIRUGO ET AL./CELL Despite efforts to include more diversity in research, people of European ancestry continue to be vastly overrepresented and ethnically diverse populations largely excluded from human genomics research, according to the authors of a commentary published...
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High-fructose corn syrup promotes colon tumor growth in mice
NEW YORK (March 21, 2019)–Consuming the equivalent of one can of soda per day caused mice predisposed to colon cancer to develop larger tumors, according to a study by Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian investigators. The study, published March 22 in the print issue of Science, shows how high-fructose corn syrup fuels the growth of colon...
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Researchers discover hidden differences between pathology of CTE and Alzheimer’s disease
IMAGE: THESE IMAGES HIGHLIGHT THE DIFFERENCES FOUND IN THE TAU FOLDS ASSOCIATED WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY, OR CTE. THEY ALSO SHOW AN UNIDENTIFIED ELEMENT FOUND IN CTE THAT… view more CREDIT: INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE INDIANAPOLIS — An international team of scientists at Indiana University School of Medicine, University of Kansas and the U.K. Medical Research Council...
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African-Americans more likely to be misdiagnosed with schizophrenia, Rutgers study finds
African-Americans with severe depression are more likely to be misdiagnosed as having schizophrenia, according to a new Rutgers study. The study, which appeared online prior to being published in the February 2019 issue of the journal Psychiatric Services, examined the medical records of 1,657 people at a community behavioral health clinic that included screening for major depression...
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Manumycin A suppresses exosome biogenesis and secretion via targeted inhibition of Ras/Raf/ERK1/2 signaling and hnRNP H1 in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells
Abstract Emerging evidence links exosomes to cancer progression by the trafficking of oncogenic factors and neoplastic reprogramming of stem cells. This necessitates identification and integration of functionally validated exosome-targeting therapeutics into current cancer management regimens. We employed quantitative high throughput screen on two libraries to identify exosome-targeting drugs; a commercially available collection of 1280 pharmacologically...
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High-throughput screening identified selective inhibitors of exosome biogenesis and secretion: A drug repurposing strategy for advanced cancer
Abstract Targeting exosome biogenesis and release may have potential clinical implications for cancer therapy. Herein, we have optimized a quantitative high throughput screen (qHTS) assay to identify compounds that modulate exosome biogenesis and/or release by aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) CD63-GFP-expressing C4-2B cells. A total of 4,580 compounds were screened from the LOPAC library (a collection...
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Exosome Analysis Using Flow Cytometry
By P Surat, Ph.D.Reviewed by Kate Anderton, B.Sc. The analysis of exosomes has previously been difficult due to their small size. Flow cytometry can be used to detect and characterize exosomes based on their cell surface markers. Meletios Verras | Shutterstock What are exosomes? Exosome are a secreted vesicle of the membrane that has a diameter of...