Using genome-wide CRISPR screens, Wang et al. identified clusters of genes that act together to carry diverse sets of biological processes that support cell survival and proliferation Cancer is a heterogeneous disease, with myriad distinct subtypes that differ in their genetic roots. As a result, cancers rely on varied pathways for survival — and respond...
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Scientists identify two brain networks influencing how we make decisions
Scientists at the Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford have pinpointed two distinct mechanisms in the human brain that control the balance between speed and accuracy when making decisions. Their discovery, published in eLife, sheds new light on the networks that determine how quickly we choose an option, and how...
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The number of microvascular complications is associated with an increased risk for severity of periodontitis in type 2 diabetes patients: Results of a multicenter hospital‐based cross‐sectional study
Abstract Aims/Introduction To explore the relationships between periodontitis and microvascular complications as well as glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Materials and Methods This multicenter, hospital‐based, cross‐sectional study included 620 patients with type 2 diabetes. We compared the prevalence and severity of periodontitis between patients with ≥1 microvascular complication and those without microvascular complications....
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Study of complex genetic region finds hidden role of NCF1 in multiple autoimmune diseases
IMAGE: BETTY PEI-TIE TSAO, PH.D., IS THE RICHARD M. SILVER ENDOWED CHAIR FOR INFLAMMATION RESEARCH AT THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AND SENIOR AUTHOR ON THE NATURE GENETICS ARTICLE…. view more Investigators at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) report pre-clinical research showing that a genetic variant encoded in neutrophil cystolic factor 1 (NCF1) is associated with...
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T cell type that promotes damaging immune response discovered
For the first time, researchers have identified a type of T cell that plays a key role in promoting the damaging autoimmune response that inflames and attacks the joints in rheumatoid arthritis. The discovery – made with technologies that help to analyze just a “handful of cells” – offers vital new clues to the biology...
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Scientists reveal potential way of boosting immune system's memory to fight cancer
Scientists from the University of Southampton have discovered an important way that the immune system can learn to recognize and fight cancers. The team, led by Professor Aymen Al-Shamkhani and funded by Cancer Research UK, has shown that a protein called Akt, is vital for the way the body remembers a cancer it has eradicated....
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Stem cells beat the clock for brain cancer
New research has shown that human skin cells can be transformed into stem cells, and used to hunt down brain cancer Glioblastoma is an aggressive form of brain cancer that kills most patients within two years of diagnosis. In tests on mice last year, a team at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill...
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Multiple sclerosis: 'Resetting' immune system may achieve long-term remission
More than two thirds of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, who were treated with a combination of high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, have been in remission for 5 years, according to the results of a small clinical trial. Researchers suggest that a combination of high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation could lead to long-term...
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BBC war reporter, 49, flies to Mexico for a £62,000 MS operation after being refused NHS treatment
Caroline Wyatt travelled to a private hospital in Puebla in January The neurological condition affects victims ability to swallow, see and think MS doctors used her own stem cells to ‘regrow’ her immune system She lost all her hair after the treatment and felt as ‘vulnerable as a newborn’ A former BBC war correspondent has been forced...
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Induced pluripotent stem cells don't increase genetic mutations
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) — stem cells that are capable of differentiating into one of many cell types — are a technique that opens the doors to medical advances, including generating cartilage cell tissue to repair knees, …more It’s been more than 10 years since Japanese researchers Shinya Yamanaka, M.D., Ph.D., and his graduate...