Autophagy genes help extrude protein aggregates from neurons in the nematode C. elegans Peer-Reviewed Publication BUCK INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH ON AGING Autophagy, which declines with age, may hold more mysteries than researchers previously suspected. In the January 4th issue of Nature Aging, it was noted that scientists from the Buck Institute, Sanford Burnham Prebys and...
Tag: <span>autophagy</span>
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Restoration of Autophagy as a Goal in the Treatment of Aging
The processes of autophagy act to remove damaged molecular machinery and structures in the cell. Autophagy becomes dysfunctional with age, however. This is likely downstream of underlying causes of aging that cause changes in gene expression that degrade the function of autophagic processes in one way or another. For example mitophagy, the clearance of damaged mitochondria by autophagy, is indirectly negatively...
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Autophagy may be the key to finding treatments for early Huntington’s disease
IOS PRESS IMAGE: Proposed pathway of mutant huntingtin (mHtt) contribution to cognitive dysfunction and cell death through impairments in synaptic autophagy: the Huntingtin protein (mHtt) interferes with autophagic efficiency, leading to a decline in synaptic autophagy. This may in turn interfere with synaptic plasticity, causing both cognitive dysfunction and loss of normal synaptic input to...
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Autophagy is a Balance, More is Usually Good, While Too Much More is Harmful
One of the more intriguing findings to emerge from study of the relationship between stress response mechanisms in cellular metabolism and the pace of degenerative aging is that evolution has not optimized for life span. Many aspects of metabolism can be adjusted in small ways – in mice, worms, flies, and so forth – in order to...
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Diabetes dramatically reduces the kidney’s ability clean itself
by Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University Drs. Zheng Dong and Zhengwei Ma, MCG research associate and the study’s first author. Credit: Kim Ratliff, Augusta University photographer The kidneys often become bulky and dysfunctional in diabetes, and now scientists have found that one path to this damage dramatically reduces the kidney’s ability to clean up after itself....
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Targeting the LANDO pathway holds a potential clue to treating Alzheimer’s disease
by St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital Scientists at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital are advancing understanding of a potential Alzheimer’s disease treatment. The work focuses on LC3-associated endocytosis (LANDO) and its role in neuroinflammation. The results appeared as an advance online publication today in Science Advances. The researchers previously discovered the LANDO pathway in microglial...
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“Self-eating” Process of Stem Cells May be the Key to New Regenerative Therapies
The self-eating process in embryonic stem cells known as chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) and a related metabolite may serve as promising new therapeutic targets to repair or regenerate damaged cells and organs, Penn Medicine researchers show in a new study published online in Science. Human bodies contain over 200 different types of specialized cells. All of...
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Self-Eating Decisions
New study sheds light on how nutrient-starved cells recycle internal components. The idea of the cell as a city is a common introduction to biology, conjuring depictions of the cell’s organelles as power plants, factories, roads, libraries, warehouses and more. Like a city, these structures require a great deal of resources to build and operate,...
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OPTN-ATG9 interaction accelerates autophagic degradation of ubiquitin-labeled mitochondria
TOKYO METROPOLITAN INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCE DAMAGED MITOCHONDRIA ARE SELECTIVELY ELIMINATED VIA AUTOPHAGY CALLED MITOPHAGY. IN MAMMALIAN CELLS, UBIQUITIN CHAINS ON THE DAMAGED MITOCHONDRIA PLAY CRITICAL ROLES TO INDUCE MITOPHAGY. Researchers at TMIMS have revealed that PINK1 (a serine/threonine kinase) and Parkin (a ubiquitin ligating enzyme: E3) work together to ubiquitylate the outer membrane proteins...
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Host cell fusion in bacteria infection alarms immune system, causing host cell destruction
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE, YONG LOO LIN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE A GIANT CELL RESULTING FROM BURKHOLDERIA INFECTION UNDERGOING ABORTIVE CELL DIVISION. PART 1: THE GENETIC MATERIAL IN THE GIANT CELL IS HIGHLY CONDENSED, SIMILAR TO WHAT HAPPENS DURING NORMAL CELL… view more CREDIT: DR GAN YUNN HWEN Burkholderia pseudomallei is a bacterium in the soil...
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