by Kyoto University Fig. 1. Tonsillar GC TFH cells express abundant Tox2 and positively correlates with BCL6 and PDCD1.(A) Three tonsillar CD4+ T cell populations were defined according to the expression of ICOS and CXCR5: CXCR5hiICOShi as GC TFH, CXCR5loICOSlo as PreTFH, and CXCR5−ICOS− as naïve CD4. (B) mRNA expression of TOX, TOX2, and TFH-related genes...
by Jennifer Michalowski, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Caption: The mediodorsal thalamus forms a crossroad of connections that integrate signals from prefrontal cortical areas and helps coordinate their activity to generate optimal decisions. Credit: Arghya Mukherjee As we interact with the world, we are constantly presented with information that is unreliable or incomplete—from jumbled voices in a...
by Will Doss, Northwestern University A T-cell (red) interacting with an alpha-synuclein Lewy neurite (green) adjacent to a dopaminergic neuron (magenta) in a Parkinson’s disease brain. Credit: Northwestern University T-cells respond to buildups of alpha-synuclein, the aggregated protein clumps that are a feature of neurodegenerative diseases including dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease (PD), according...
A little over a decade ago, a clutch of scientific studies was published that seemed to show that survivors of atrocities or disasters such as the Holocaust and the Dutch famine of 1944-45 had passed on the biological scars of those traumatic experiences to their children. The studies caused a sensation, earning their own BBC Horizon documentary and the cover...
The first line of treatment for a urinary tract infection (UTI) is antibiotics. However, some people may take cranberry supplements or drink cranberry juice to reduce their risk of developing one. Research is conflicted about whether cranberry juice is an effective method of treatment or prevention. Sex and gender exist on spectrums. This article will use the...
By Nick Lavars A new anti-aging breakthrough could clear out senescent cells with great precisionElymas/Depositphotos Back in 2015 we saw a new class of drugs emerge with huge potential when it comes to the aging process and how it might be slowed. Scientists working to improve the potency and safety of these so-called senolytic drugs have made...
Sunscreen that includes zinc oxide, a common ingredient, loses much of its effectiveness and becomes toxic after two hours of exposure to ultraviolet radiation, according to a collaboration that included Oregon State University scientists. The toxicity analysis involved zebrafish, which share a remarkable similarity to humans at the molecular, genetic and cellular levels, meaning many...
by Geoff Hanmer, The Conversation Credit: Shutterstock Governments are pressing ahead with home quarantine for returning travelers and people are isolating at home due to COVID-19. So now is a good time to think about what you can do to reduce your risk of infection if you live in an apartment. Earlier in the pandemic, apartments were described...
by UK Research and Innovation Heart clocks regulate the daily variation in heart rate – Each heart cell has a clock that regulates the frequency of firing rate between day and night. This helps the heart to beat faster during the day and to sustain daily activities. Credit: Copyright MRC LMB A new study has...
by Ana Gajic, St. Michael’s Hospital Graphical abstract. Credit: DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n2400 A high dose of an inexpensive and globally available blood-thinning medication reduces the risk of death in hospitalized patients who are moderately ill with COVID-19, suggests a new study led by St. Michael’s Hospital. Published today in the BMJ, the international RAPID Trial compared the effects...
