by Northumbria University Photographs of subjects (a) wearing a Type-B contact lens, (b) wearing a Type-D contact lens, (c) wearing a contact lens, an antenna and carrying a readout unit. Credit: Contact Lens and Anterior Eye (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.102102Glaucoma effects around 70 million people worldwide and can cause irreversible loss of vision if not treated—but around...
Year: <span>2024</span>
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Malnutrition often seen in patients treated for inflammatory bowel disease
by Lori Solomon Some patients seen in an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) clinic screen positive for malnutrition, according to a research letter published online Nov. 20 in Gastro Hep Advances. Aaron C. Viser, from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and colleagues used data from a multidisciplinary IBD clinic (June 7 to July...
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Large study finds COVID-19 vaccine reduces long COVID in children
by Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia A medical assistant prepares a dose of a COVID-19 vaccine to be administered to a patient. Credit: Public domain image courtesy of Lisa Ferdinando, U.S. Department of DefenseVaccination against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, reduces the risk of serious acute illness in children and adolescents. However, its role in protecting...
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Loss of cells in pancreas in the elderly may cause age-related diabetes
by Tokyo Metropolitan University Two different ways in which islet cell loss can be observed (top left and right) . The relationship between the percentage of pancreatic beta cells and islet cell loss (bottom left). The number of mild and severe cases of ICL at different ages (bottom right). Credit: Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityResearchers from Tokyo Metropolitan...
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Google is working to develop an AI-based diagnostic dialogue tool as part of a medical interview system
by Bob Yirka , Medical Xpress Overview of contributions. AMIE is a conversational medical AI optimized for diagnostic dialogue. AMIE is instruction fine-tuned with a combination of real-world and simulated medical dialogues, alongside a diverse set of medical reasoning, question self-play-based simulated dialogue environment with answering and summarization datasets. Notably, we designed a self-play based...
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Bioengineered approach shows promise in ulcerative colitis
by UT Southwestern Medical Center Bioengineering and characterization of the immunosuppressive combinational colon-specific immune niche. Credit: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01136-9By taking advantage of mechanisms that allow cancer cells to evade immune attack, UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers have developed a new strategy in animal models that has potential for treating ulcerative colitis. Their findings, reported...
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Maturation instead of cell death: Defective signaling pathways disrupt immune cell development
by University of Freiburg A) UMAP projection of composite healthy donor (HD) samples from CD19+ cells of tonsil (n=7) and spleen (n=7) analyzed by spectral flow cytometry. (B) Identification of primary populations in one representative HD spleen and tonsil. (C) Identification of populations in the naïve B cell gate (IgD+CD38low). (D) Identification of populations within the...
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Study finds increased body and abdominal fat cause insulin resistance in teenagers, raising type 2 diabetes risk
by University of Eastern Finland Both total body fat mass and abdominal fat cause hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance, with abdominal fat doubling the risk of metabolic dysfunction. However, light physical activity can significantly reduce total body fat mass and insulin resistance. Credit: Andrew AgbajeHigh fat mass in adolescence causes insulin resistance, which can lead to...
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Is it safe for kids to use adult skincare products?
by Erin Kayata, Northeastern University Credit: Fueled by Social Media, Gen Zers and Millennials Admit to Overspending on Beauty Products (2024). Over the holidays, Drunk Elephant skincare was a wish list mainstay, sending confused parents to beauty stores to puzzle over why their middle schoolers needed so many expensive products. The reason is social media, which...
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Erectile dysfunction medications may increase risk of death when combined with common chest pain medication
by American College of Cardiology Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public DomainPhosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i)—an erectile dysfunction drug sold under the names Viagra, Levitra, Cialis, and others—are a common medical treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, a new Swedish study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology suggests that...