Osaka UniversityJust as healthy organs are vital to our well-being, healthy organelles are vital to the proper functioning of the cell. These subcellular structures carry out specific jobs within the cell, for example, mitochondria power the cell and lysosomes keep the cell tidy. Although damage to these two organelles has been linked to aging, cellular...
Category: <span>Proteomics</span>
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Researchers crack the cellular code on protein folding, offering hope for many new therapeutic avenues
by University of Massachusetts Amherst Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain While we often think of diseases as caused by foreign bodies—bacteria or viruses—there are hundreds of diseases affecting humans that result from errors in cellular production of proteins. A team of researchers led by the University of Massachusetts Amherst leveraged the power of cutting-edge technology, including an...
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Changing levels of NOX4 protein could provide key to understanding fatty liver disease progression
by Monash University Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain The global rise in obesity and diabetes is leading to an epidemic in fatty liver disease affecting 20%–30% of the world’s population. Almost a third of people with fatty liver disease go on to develop an advanced form of the disease, known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that can progress...
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New protein linked to early-onset dementia identified
by UK Research and Innovation Credit: UK Research and Innovation Most neurodegenerative diseases, including dementias, involve proteins aggregating into filaments called amyloids. In most of these diseases, researchers have identified the proteins that aggregate, allowing them to target these proteins for diagnostic tests and treatments. But, in around 10% of cases of frontotemporal dementia, scientists had...
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Fungus-fighting protein could help overcome severe autoimmune disease and cancer
by Australian National University 3D printed stencil of the DECTIN-1 protein’s structure. Credit: Tracey Nearmy/ANU A protein in the immune system programmed to protect the body from fungal infections is also responsible for exacerbating the severity of certain autoimmune diseases such as irritable bowel disease (IBS), type 1 diabetes, eczema and other chronic disorders, new research...
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Protein discovery raises prospect of treatment for COPD
By Paul McClure Researchers have discovered a protein associated with antiviral defense can exacerbate COPDDepositphotos A new study has found that TLR7, a protein that normally triggers our immune system to defend against certain viruses, plays a pivotal role in exacerbating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD. The unexpected discovery may lead to new therapeutic approaches...
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Novel Bacterial Protein can Prolong Cell Longevity by Acting Directly on Mitochondria
Nov 10 2023São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil, partnering with colleagues in Australia, have identified a novel bacterial protein that can keep human cells healthy even when the cells have a heavy bacterial burden. The discovery could lead to new treatments for a wide array of...
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FDA approves first treatment for congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
by Lori Solomon The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved Takeda Pharmaceuticals Adzynma, the first recombinant protein product indicated for prophylactic or on-demand enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in adult and pediatric patients with congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP). Adzynma is a purified recombinant form of the ADAMTS13 enzyme that enhances the low levels of...
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From soft tissue to stiff leather: Understanding the role of paxillin in liver fibrosis
by Medical University of South Carolina Paxillin localization during HSC activation. (A) HSCs were isolated, grown on glass coverslips for 7 days, and fixed. Paxillin was labeled at the specified time points as described in the Materials and Methods. DAPI was used to label nuclei. The boxes in row 3 of the panel illustrate magnified area in...
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Rab32 and Rab38 Crucial for Bone Resorption and Pigmentation of Skin, Hair
Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLMOct 26 2023 Bone is maintained via delicate balance between formation and resorption, and its imbalance leads to bone related diseases like osteoporosis rheumatism and periodontitis. In studies published in scientific journals J Biol Chem and Cell Struct Funct, researchers led by Osaka University revealed proteins named Rab32 and Rab38 play...