Scientists at Purdue University have developed cheap, portable, and self-powered devices for performing electrochemical analysis for diagnostic purposes. Made mostly of paper, these devices can be produced in large quantities and used by just about anyone with minor training. The current prototype of the device is able to detect glucose, uric acid, and l-lactate, and other biomarkers can be targeted as well.
The device has a paper top that has colorimetric assays and a pipeting mechanism that helps perform electrochemical analysis. The electronic component is powered by a triboelectric generator, which takes up the layer below the paper, that requires nothing more than a few taps to produce sufficient electric power.
The colorimetric assays output different colors depending on whether they spot certain biomarkers. While this may be confusing for a non-professional, this kind of test would come with a simple smartphone app that simply looks at the test and interprets the results.