August 6, 2024 by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Working with human stem cells that form a kind of “mini intestine-in-a-dish,” Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists say they have found several molecular mechanisms for COVID-19-related diarrhea, suggesting potential ways to control it. Details of the experiments in a model of human intestinal tissue, called enteroids,...
August 13, 2024 by Indiana University School of Medicine New research explores the urea cycle’s strong connection to fatty liver diseaseCredit: Cell Metabolism (2024). DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.007An Indiana University School of Medicine physician scientist is making strides in understanding the molecular origins of fatty liver disease, a leading cause of liver failure in the United States....
July 25, 2024 by Julia Milzer, CU Anschutz Medical Campus HFHC-feeding recapitulates MASH phenotype in murine models. Credit: Hepatology (2024). DOI: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000971A new study brings researchers closer to better understanding the pathology of the fatty liver disease MASH, which stands for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. MASH is a consequence of poor diet and obesity and results...
JULY 12, 2024 by Xia & He Publishing Inc. Graphical abstract. Credit: Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology (2024). DOI: 10.14218/JCTH.2023.00519Cholestatic liver diseases (CLDs) are a group of disorders characterized by the impairment of bile formation, secretion, or excretion. This impairment leads to bile acid accumulation in the liver, causing liver biochemical abnormalities and histological...
JULY 2, 2024 by Elana Gotkine Distinct phenotypic and urine biological characteristics are seen for patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) with a history of ulcerative Hunner lesions (UIC) and those with no lesions (NHIC), according to a study recently published in the American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Urology. Bernadette M.M. Zwaans, Ph.D.,...
JUNE 25, 2024 by Technical University of Denmark The essential amino acid tryptophan is converted in the large intestine into either beneficial or harmful substances. The research shows that tryptophan contributes to the production of the healthy substances Indole lactic acid (ILA) and Indole propionic acid (IPA) when we consume sufficient amounts of dietary fiber....
JUNE 12, 2024 by Tufts University The pill devices have a soft elastic exterior with sidewall inlets, which are triggered to open by pH levels in the small intestine environment. Elastic microvalves close the inlets once the intestinal microbiome content has been collected. Credit: Sameer Sonkusale, Tufts University Nano LabSignificant progress has been made at...
MAY 17, 2024 by American Gastroenterological Association Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public DomainThe American Gastroenterological Association’s (AGA) new evidence-based Clinical Practice Guideline on Endoscopic Eradication Therapy of Barrett’s Esophagus and Related Neoplasia, published today in Gastroenterology, establishes updated guidance for Barrett’s esophagus patients. A precursor to esophageal cancer, Barrett’s esophagus is a condition in which the cells...
by First Hospital of Jilin University (1) Degradation of mitochondria matrix, inner membrane and intermembrane oxidized or misfolded protein by mitochondrial proteases. (2) Ubiquitinated outer mitochondrial membrane proteins are extracted and degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. (3) A portion of mitochondria budding off as mitochondria-derived vesicles and fuse with lysosomes for degradation. (4) Depolarized mitochondria...
by Keck School of Medicine of USC Credit: AI-generated imageIn one of the largest ever gene-environment interaction studies of red meat and colorectal cancer, which explored the impact of red meat consumption on a person’s cancer risk based on their genotype, researchers have identified two genetic markers that may help explain the association between the...
