September 26, 2024 by University of Birmingham The hippocampus is a region of the brain largely responsible for memory formation. Credit: Salk InstituteResearchers at the University of Birmingham have uncovered a surprising role of the hippocampus—linking this part of the brain to the control of skilled actions such as handwriting, typing, and playing music. The...
Tag: <span>Hippocampus</span>
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Psychedelics excite cells in hippocampus to reduce anxiety, study finds
September 24, 2024 by Krishna Ramanujan, Cornell University A classic psychedelic, similar to LSD, psilocybin and mescalin, was found to activate a cell type in the brain that silences other neighboring neurons, a result that provides insight into how such drugs reduce anxiety, according to a new study. The findings show the psychedelic DOI (2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine)...
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Autism-associated gene appears to alter brain cell identity in the hippocampus
by UT Southwestern Medical Center This image, obtained from a mouse brain using a brightfield microscope, shows the richly diverse cells of the hippocampus pseudocolored with different hues. Maria Chahrour, Ph.D., and colleagues investigated how cells in the hippocampus are affected in autism spectrum disorder, showing that unique subtypes of excitatory and inhibitory neurons are particularly...
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Women with depression have 20% lower taurine concentration in the hippocampus
Precise observation using ultra-high magnetic field 7T MRIPeer-Reviewed Publication NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (A) BRAIN REGIONS WHERE SPECTRA WERE MEASURED (YELLOW BOX) (B) 1H MR SPECTRUM IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS: HIPPOCAMPAL TAURINE SIGNAL SHOWN AT 3.4 PPM (ARROW). BLACK LINE: ACTUAL MEASURED SPECTRUM. RED LINE: LCMODEL FITTING SPECTRUM. ABBREVIATION: TAU, TAURINE; CHO, CHOLINE;...
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New study reveals role of hippocampus in two functions of memory
by Krishna Ramanujan, Cornell University Associative and predictive codes in the hippocampus. Our optogenetic manipulation perturbed hippocampal sequences without affecting cell coactivity, thus selectively disrupting the predictive code. After learning, cell assemblies were reactivated, but their order was not preserved, abolishing sequential replay (right). Perturbing the predictive code had no effect on associative learning (bottom left)...
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Study determines object-related information is distributed across CA1 neurons in the hippocampus
by Ingrid Fadelli, Medical Xpress The y-axis shows how easy it is to predict whether an object is currently present in the environment, based on neural population activity (“decoding accuracy”). If the score is 1, we can always predict whether the object is present or not; if the score is 0.5, our prediction is not...
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Severity of PTSD symptoms linked to decreased activity in hippocampus
SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE IMAGE: FEAR-POTENTIATED STARTLE INTERACTS WITH HIPPOCAMPAL THREAT REACTIVITY IN PREDICTING PTSD AT TWO-WEEKS. CREDIT: TANRIVERDI ET AL., JNEUROSCI 2022 After a traumatic event, people with decreased activity in the hippocampus experience worse PTSD symptoms, according to new research published in JNeurosci. The hippocampus does more than encode new memories — it also takes...
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How the hippocampus orchestrates memory consolidation
by RIKEN Neurons in the CA2 region of the hippocampus, fluorescently labeled here in yellow, help to coordinate the consolidation of long-term memory. Credit: RIKEN Center for Brain Science A brain region in mice that plays a key role in coordinating the playback process that consolidates memories during sleep has been identified by RIKEN neuroscientists....
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Reactivation in the hippocampus could support the consolidation of long-term cognitive maps
by Ingrid Fadelli, Medical Xpress (Left) Hippocampal place cells imaged with two-photon imaging are (middle) sequentially active at particular locations as a mouse runs through the environment – each tick on the right graph corresponds to the activity of a particular cell on one of the 7 traversals shown. Cells and raster plots are color-coded...
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The influence of pheromonal signals on memory generated in the hippocampus
by Asociacion RUVID Fig. 1: Behavioral setup: configuration based on virtual environments. a Subjects were head-fixed to metal bars, in turn connected to a stereotaxic frame. Movement was only allowed in a single dimension through a low-friction Styrofoam cylinder placed in front of a curved TFT screen. The movements of the cylinder were recorded by an...