Highlights • We found that the mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from the second trimester of human amniotic fluid by the adherence method, which is inexpensive and easy to perform. Additionally, the amniocentesis procedure has no problem about contamination. • We have demonstrated that the human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAF-MSCs) exhibited typical MSCs characteristics including displaying the fibroblast-liked morphology and the...