by University of Washington Air pollution—especially ozone air pollution which is increasing with climate change—accelerates the progression of emphysema of the lung, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. While previous studies have shown a clear connection of air pollutants with some heart and...
Tag: <span>Lung cancer</span>
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Metabolic reprogramming of branched-chain amino acid facilitates drug resistance in lung cancer
by Chinese Academy of Sciences Despite the remarkable success of molecular targeted therapy in recent years, the rapid increase of drug resistance is a major obstacle to effective treatment of lung cancer. How do lung cancer cells adapt to targeted therapy? What is the molecular basis of such adaptive behavior? Can this adaptive response be memorized by cancer cells? If so,...
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Study supports optimal threshold for diagnosing COPD
by National Institutes of Health A new study provides evidence to support a simple measurement for diagnosing clinically significant airflow obstruction, the key characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. The study found that a 70% ratio of two indicators of lung function proved as or more accurate than other thresholds for...
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Entrectinib gets edge over crizotinib against ROS1+ lung cancer
by Garth Sundem, CU Anschutz Medical Campus Crizotinib and entrectinib are both active against ROS1+ non-small cell lung cancer. But which is best? The answer seems easy: Just compare the drugs’ clinical trial results. However, not all trials are created equal, and these differences in trial designs can lead to irrelevant comparisons—like comparing athletes’ running times without noting that one ran a kilometer while...
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Immunotherapy improves five-year survival rate of people with advanced lung cancer
by Denise Heady, University of California, Los Angeles In a study led by UCLA investigators, treatment with the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab helped more than 15 percent of people with advanced non-small cell lung cancer live for at least five years—and 25 percent of patients whose tumor cells had a specific protein lived at least that...
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After 2 Years, Immunotherapy Shows Doubled Median Survival Time for Advanced Lung Cancer Patients
A large, randomized immunotherapy clinical trial continues to show improved overall survival and progression-free survival in advanced lung cancer patients, researchers reported at this year’s American Society for Clinical Oncology meeting. The update on the KEYNOTE-189 trial provides nearly two years data on use of the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. “The primary takeaway is that we saw continued benefit, even with...
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Lung cancer under-recognized in people who have never smoked
A group of respiratory medicine and public health experts are calling for lung cancer in never-smokers to be given greater recognition. Writing in the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, they say that lung cancer in people who have never smoked is under recognized and presents a diagnostic challenge, particularly for GPs seeking to balance over-investigation with early diagnosis...
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Inhaled nanoparticles could treat lung cancer
by Queensland University of Technology QUT pharmaceutical scientist Dr. Nazrul Islam, from School of Clinical Sciences, said lung cancer was one of the most common cancers globally and one of the deadliest, being a leading cause of cancer deaths. He said chitosan had long been investigated for drug delivery and medical applications. It is made from refined crustacean (prawns, crabs, lobster) shells and...
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Maintenance Immunotherapy fails to improve survival in extensive small cell lung cancer
ELCC 2019 (European Lung Cancer Congress), April 10-13, Geneva, Switzerland EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR MEDICAL ONCOLOGY Geneva, Switzerland, 11 April 2019 – Maintenance immunotherapy fails to improve survival in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), according to late-breaking results from the CheckMate 451 study to be presented today at the European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC) 2019. (1) Around 60-70% of patients with SCLC have extensive disease at the time of diagnosis, meaning it has spread beyond a...
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A new machine learning model can classify lung cancer slides at the pathologist level
Using recent advances in machine learning, a Dartmouth research team has developed a deep neural network to classify different types of a common form of lung cancer on histopathology slides at an accuracy level shown to be on par with pathologists DARTMOUTH-HITCHCOCK MEDICAL CENTER LEBANON, NH – Machine learning has improved dramatically in recent years and shown great...