UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA IMAGE: Despite having very similar amino acid sequences, two forms of the protein actin have distinct roles in the body. A Penn Vet-led team showed that differences in the coding sequence of nucleotides between the forms influenced their function, affecting the speed of protein production and subsequently, cell movement. CREDIT: KASHINA LAB/UNIVERSITY...
THE KOREA ADVANCED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (KAIST) IMAGE: OVERVIEW OF THE MICROBIOME-GUT-BRAIN AXIS. CNMA IS UPREGULATED BY ATF4 AND MITF (AND POSSIBLY OTHER UNKNOWN FACTORS) DURING THE DEPRIVATION OF ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS, AND THIS ACTS ON CNMAR-EXPRESSING NEURONS TO STIMULATE THE COMPENSATORY APPETITE FOR ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS. CREDIT: PROFESSOR GREG SEONG-BAE SUH, KAIST...
by Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain A complicated interaction between proteins is needed for information to pass from one nerve cell to the next. Researchers at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) have now managed to study this process in the synaptic vesicles, which play an important role in this process. The study appeared...
TEL-AVIV UNIVERSITY IMAGE: PROF. TAL PUPKO CREDIT: TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY Researchers from Tel Aviv University have created an artificial intelligence platform that can identify the specific proteins that allow bacteria to infect the intestines – a method that paves the way for the creation of smart drugs that will neutralize the proteins and prevent disease,...
At any moment in the human body, in about 30 trillion cells, DNA is being “read” into molecules of messenger RNA, or mRNA, the intermediary step between DNA and proteins, in a process called transcription. Scientists have a good idea of how transcription gets started. Proteins called RNA polymerases are recruited to specific regions of...
UNIVERSITY OF SEVILLE An international team of scientists, coordinated by the Seville Institute of Biomedicine (IBiS) and the University of Seville has solved one of the hitherto unresolved enigmas of basic biology: how exactly do lipids distribute proteins within a cell? To do this, they used a new, completely innovative microscopy technology, which they applied...
MONASH UNIVERSITY A world-first discovery by researchers at Monash University and The University of Queensland could lead to faster and more effective treatments for chronic health complications, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, with ‘fluorescent’ in vivo biosensors. The research team, led by Dr Simon Corrie from Monash University’s Department of Chemical Engineering and the ARC Centre of Excellence...
Biologists have long wondered how complex organisms contain a variety of dramatically different types of cells with specialized functions, even though all of those cells are genetically identical. New research reveals how proteins, called “pioneer transcription factors,” help turn on key genes that give cell types their unique properties and functions. These pioneer factors, it turns out,...
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Researchers from the University of Cambridge, the University of Milan and Google Research have used machine learning techniques to predict how proteins, particularly those implicated in neurological diseases, completely change their shapes in a matter of microseconds. They found that when amyloid beta, a key protein implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, adopts a highly disordered shape,...
Research suggests the products of transcription — RNA molecules — regulate their own production through a feedback loop. At any given moment in the human body, in about 30 trillion cells, DNA is being “read” into molecules of messenger RNA, the intermediary step between DNA and proteins, in a process called transcription. Scientists have a pretty...
