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Five things you need to know about: mRNA vaccines
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Five things you need to know about: mRNA vaccines

The race for a vaccine against the novel coronavirus, or SARS-CoV-2, is on, with 54 different vaccines under development, two of which are already being tested in humans, according to the World Health Organization. And among the different candidates is a new player on the scene – mRNA vaccines. According to Prof. Bekeredjian-Ding, an approved...

Cystic fibrosis: Why so many respiratory complications?
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Cystic fibrosis: Why so many respiratory complications?

by University of Geneva The protein Vav3 (in green) creates &laquobacterial docking stations» on the surface (in red) of respiratory cells (nuclei in blue) that facilitate airways’ infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. Credit: UNIGE, laboratoire Chanson Cystic fibrosis, one of the most common genetic diseases in Switzerland, causes severe respiratory and digestive disorders. Despite...

Synapse-saving proteins discovered, opening possibilities in Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia
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Synapse-saving proteins discovered, opening possibilities in Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia

UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO GEK-MING SIA, PHD, AND COLLEAGUES IN THE LONG SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT UT HEALTH SAN ANTONIO DISCOVERED A NEW CLASS OF PROTEINS THAT SPARE SYNAPSES FROM ELIMINATION. INCREASING THE NUMBERS… view more CREDIT: UT HEALTH SAN ANTONIO Researchers at The University of Texas Health Science Center...

Soy and wheat proteins helpful for building aging muscles, but not as potent as animal protein
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Soy and wheat proteins helpful for building aging muscles, but not as potent as animal protein

THESE MEALS ARE EXAMPLES OF VEGETARIAN MEALS THAT HELP BUILD MUSCLE PROTEINS BECAUSE THEY CONSIST OF A COMPLEMENTARY AND COMPLETE PROFILE OF ALL ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS. On a gram for gram basis, animal proteins are more effective than plant proteins in supporting the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass with advancing age, shows research presented this...

Ex Vivo Mitochondrial Transfer as a Way to Improve Stem Cell Therapy Outcomes
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Ex Vivo Mitochondrial Transfer as a Way to Improve Stem Cell Therapy Outcomes

A sizable portion of the variable efficacy of first generation stem cell therapies as presently practiced may be due to a poor quality of cells following expansion in culture. Regardless of quality, near all such cells die shortly after transplantation. Few clinics and few approaches to cell therapy lead to lasting survival and engraftment of...

OPTN-ATG9 interaction accelerates autophagic degradation of ubiquitin-labeled mitochondria
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OPTN-ATG9 interaction accelerates autophagic degradation of ubiquitin-labeled mitochondria

TOKYO METROPOLITAN INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCE DAMAGED MITOCHONDRIA ARE SELECTIVELY ELIMINATED VIA AUTOPHAGY CALLED MITOPHAGY. IN MAMMALIAN CELLS, UBIQUITIN CHAINS ON THE DAMAGED MITOCHONDRIA PLAY CRITICAL ROLES TO INDUCE MITOPHAGY. Researchers at TMIMS have revealed that PINK1 (a serine/threonine kinase) and Parkin (a ubiquitin ligating enzyme: E3) work together to ubiquitylate the outer membrane proteins...

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Researchers develop peptides for treating gastrointestinal disorders

Reviewed by James Ives, M.Psych. (Editor) Milestone for therapeutic development of peptides against gastrointestinal disorders The fascinating family of trefoil factor peptides brings hope to both research and industry to improve the treatment of chronic disorders such as Crohn’s disease. For the first time, a team led by ERC awardee Markus Muttenthaler from the Faculty...

A key gene modifies regulatory T cells to fine-tune the immune response
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A key gene modifies regulatory T cells to fine-tune the immune response

by Salk Institute A histology image showing inflammation in colon epithelium. Weakening of regulatory T cell function induces infiltration of immune cells (small blue dots) into colon epithelium (blue layer) and causes colitis. Credit: Salk Institute The human immune system is a finely-tuned machine, balancing when to release a cellular army to deal with pathogens,...