Infrared saunas have become increasingly popular in Australia in recent years. But what exactly are they, and what are the scientific explanations behind their touted health benefits? Let’s take a close look at the science behind infrared saunas.
How Infrared Saunas Work
Unlike traditional saunas which use heat to warm the air, infrared saunas use light waves to directly heat your body. The saunas contain infrared heaters that emit infrared radiation. Infrared rays have longer wavelengths than visible light, meaning they penetrate deeper into the skin.
When absorbed by the body, the infrared rays warm up your body directly rather than just heating the air around you. This allows infrared saunas to operate at lower temperatures (typically 50-60°C) compared to regular saunas (usually around 80-100°C). The lower operating temperature makes infrared saunas more comfortable to sit in for longer periods.
Infrared wavelengths are divided into three categories:
Near infrared – Near infrared wavelengths range from 700nm to 1400nm. Near infrared radiation has the lowest energy and penetrates the least deeply into the skin, only about 3-4mm. However, it does penetrate deeper than visible light. Near infrared wavelengths interact with chromophores in the skin, particularly melanin. This means near infrared can help increase skin pigmentation and reduce the appearance of sun spots and scars.
Mid infrared – Mid infrared wavelengths range from 1400nm to 3000nm. Mid infrared penetrates deeper into the skin, around 5-6mm. At these depths, mid infrared rays interact with water molecules in the skin. This can help stimulate collagen production and cell renewal. Mid infrared also interacts with blood vessels just under the skin, causing localized dilation to increase blood flow.
Far infrared – Far infrared wavelengths range from 3000nm to 10000nm. Of the three categories, far infrared penetrates by far the deepest – up to 2 inches into the skin. At these depths, far infrared radiation interacts with blood vessels, muscles, ligaments and other subcutaneous tissues. This leads to the dilation of blood vessels and increased blood flow, similar to exercise. Far infrared also interacts with water molecules deep in the skin, producing a thermal effect that leads to profuse sweating.
Infrared saunas in Melbourne mainly use far infrared wavelengths, which have the deepest tissue penetration. The far infrared waves are absorbed by the skin and produce numerous therapeutic effects.
Increased Blood Flow
Multiple studies have shown that infrared sauna use causes an increase in blood flow similar to moderate exercise. When your body is exposed to infrared heat, your blood vessels expand and dilate to increase blood flow, which improves circulation and provides muscles and organs with more oxygen and nutrients. The enhanced blood flow during the sauna session also helps remove metabolic waste products.
Lower Blood Pressure
Multiple studies have shown that infrared sauna therapy can help lower blood pressure in those with hypertension. The infrared heat causes blood vessels to expand and increase blood flow. This increased blood flow leads to an immediate reduction in blood pressure that can last for up to an hour after you finish your sauna session. With regular use over time, the sauna can help lower baseline blood pressure values.
Relaxation
The soothing infrared heat helps relax the body and relieve tension in the muscles. Infrared rays are also thought to have a calming effect on the mind. Many people report emerging from an infrared sauna feeling rejuvenated and relaxed. This relaxation response can be very beneficial for both the body and mind.
Improved Skin Health
The deep heating effects of infrared rays have been shown to encourage the production of collagen in the skin. Collagen helps reduce the signs of aging. Regular use of an infrared sauna can help improve the appearance of the skin, reducing fine lines and wrinkles. The saunas may also improve inflammatory skin conditions like acne and eczema.
Pain Relief
Infrared saunas can provide natural pain relief in several ways. Firstly, the heat relaxes muscles and relieves muscle aches and pains. Secondly, the dilation of blood vessels increases circulation which speeds up the body’s natural healing processes and delivery of pain-relieving endorphins. Lastly, the endorphins released act as natural painkillers. People with chronic pain conditions like fibromyalgia and arthritis often report reduced pain levels after using infrared saunas regularly.
Weight Loss
Due to the intense sweating experienced in infrared saunas, they have been marketed for weight loss purposes. However, researchers have found that the elevation in heart rate during infrared sauna use only represents a moderate level of exertion. This means that while there is a temporary increase in metabolic rate, the overall number of calories burned is fairly low. Regular infrared sauna sessions may contribute slightly to weight loss but are not a replacement for regular exercise and a healthy diet.
Overall, when used safely and correctly, infrared saunas can provide some great therapeutic health benefits. But as with any new health therapy, make sure to do your own research and consult your GP if you have any concerns.
Leave a Reply